Which of the following equations is balanced? This is a common question encountered in chemistry, where the balance of chemical equations is crucial for understanding the stoichiometry of reactions. In this article, we will explore the importance of balanced equations and provide examples to help you identify a balanced equation among a set of options.
Chemical equations represent the transformation of reactants into products during a chemical reaction. A balanced equation ensures that the number of atoms of each element on the reactant side is equal to the number of atoms of that element on the product side. This principle is based on the law of conservation of mass, which states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
To determine if an equation is balanced, one must carefully examine the number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation. If the number of atoms is the same for all elements, then the equation is balanced. If not, the equation requires adjustment to achieve balance. This process is known as stoichiometric balancing.
Let’s consider the following examples to understand how to identify a balanced equation:
1. Unbalanced equation: H2 + O2 → H2O
In this equation, there are two hydrogen atoms on the reactant side and two hydrogen atoms on the product side. However, there are four oxygen atoms on the reactant side and only one oxygen atom on the product side. To balance this equation, we can multiply the water molecule by two, resulting in the balanced equation: 2H2 + O2 → 2H2O.
2. Unbalanced equation: N2 + H2 → NH3
Here, there are two nitrogen atoms on the reactant side and two nitrogen atoms on the product side. However, there are two hydrogen atoms on the reactant side and three hydrogen atoms on the product side. To balance this equation, we can multiply the ammonia molecule by two, resulting in the balanced equation: N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3.
3. Balanced equation: CaCO3 → CaO + CO2
In this equation, there is one calcium atom, one carbon atom, and three oxygen atoms on both sides of the equation. Therefore, this equation is already balanced.
In conclusion, identifying a balanced equation is essential for understanding the stoichiometry of chemical reactions. By carefully examining the number of atoms for each element on both sides of the equation, one can determine if the equation is balanced or requires adjustment. Always remember to apply the law of conservation of mass when balancing chemical equations.
