Who can get a social security number? This question is often asked by individuals from various backgrounds, whether they are immigrants, students, or simply in need of an official identification number. In this article, we will explore the different groups of people eligible for a social security number (SSN) and the process involved in obtaining one.
The Social Security Administration (SSA) is responsible for issuing SSNs in the United States. An SSN is a nine-digit number that serves as a unique identifier for individuals for various purposes, such as employment, tax filing, and accessing government benefits. Here are some of the individuals who can get a social security number:
1. United States Citizens: All United States citizens, including newborns, are eligible for a social security number. Parents can apply for their newborn’s SSN at the hospital or later by visiting a SSA office.
2. Lawful Permanent Residents: Individuals who have been granted lawful permanent residence status, also known as a green card, can apply for a social security number. This is important for them to establish a credit history, open bank accounts, and secure employment.
3. Non-Citizens with Valid Work Authorization: Certain non-citizens with valid work authorization, such as those with an H-1B visa or an L-1 visa, are eligible for a social security number. They must have an employment authorization document (EAD) from the United States Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to apply.
4. Students and Exchange Visitors: International students and exchange visitors with a valid visa, such as an F-1 or J-1 visa, can apply for a social security number. However, they must have a valid employment authorization, such as an on-campus job, to be eligible.
5. Refugees and Asylees: Individuals who have been granted refugee or asylee status can apply for a social security number. This is crucial for them to integrate into society and access essential services.
To obtain a social security number, eligible individuals must complete Form SS-5, the Application for a Social Security Card. They should gather the necessary documentation, such as proof of identity, citizenship, age, and any employment authorization. The application can be submitted in person at a SSA office, by mail, or online through the SSA’s website.
It is important to note that individuals who are not eligible for a social security number, such as unauthorized immigrants, cannot obtain one. However, they may be eligible for an Individual Tax Identification Number (ITIN) from the IRS for tax purposes.
In conclusion, numerous individuals can get a social security number, including U.S. citizens, lawful permanent residents, and certain non-citizens with valid work authorization. The process of obtaining an SSN is straightforward and essential for various aspects of life in the United States.
