What is on the half dollar? This question often piques the curiosity of coin collectors and history enthusiasts alike. The half dollar, a coin that has been in circulation for over a century, holds a unique place in American numismatic history. Its design, composition, and historical significance make it a subject of great interest and study.
The half dollar, also known as the half dollar coin, is a denomination of currency that was first minted in the United States in 1794. It was initially made of 90% silver and 10% copper, and its obverse (front) and reverse (back) designs have changed several times over the years. The most famous half dollar design is the Walking Liberty, which was minted from 1916 to 1947.
On the obverse of the Walking Liberty half dollar, you will find an image of Lady Liberty walking towards the sun, carrying a torch in her right hand and an olive branch in her left. This iconic design, created by sculptor Adolph A. Weinman, symbolizes freedom and peace. The inscriptions on the obverse include “LIBERTY,” “IN GOD WE TRUST,” and the year of minting.
The reverse of the Walking Liberty half dollar features an eagle, which is a symbol of the United States. The eagle is depicted with an olive branch in its right talon, signifying peace, and arrows in its left talon, representing war. The reverse also includes the denomination “HALF DOLLAR,” “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,” and the mint mark if applicable.
Throughout its history, the half dollar has undergone various design changes. For example, the Indian Head half dollar, which was minted from 1891 to 1931, features an image of an Indian woman on the obverse and an eagle on the reverse. The Franklin half dollar, minted from 1948 to 1963, depicts a profile of Benjamin Franklin on the obverse and an eagle on the reverse.
The half dollar has also been subject to changes in composition. In 1965, the United States government changed the composition of the half dollar to clad, which is a combination of copper and nickel. This change was made to reduce the cost of minting the coin and to combat the rising silver prices.
In conclusion, the half dollar is a fascinating coin with a rich history and numerous design variations. Its obverse and reverse designs, as well as its changes in composition, have made it a popular collectible among coin enthusiasts. Whether you are a casual collector or a dedicated numismatist, the half dollar is a coin worth studying and appreciating.
